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Historical Archive: Sarcophagus of Empress Helena (d. c.330) porphyry, 1st third of 4th c. rectangular portion without base: height 1.47 x length 2.68 x depth 1.81 m restored c.1600, and 1777 by Gaspare Sibilla and Giovanni Pierantoni Vatican Museums, 238 fragment: Victoria and Albert Museum, London front: riding soldiers, defeated barbarians, quivers, personifications of defeated peoples (?) with people for scale left end and oblique view of front left end: garland left end left end: rider's projecting arm and leg, horse's head and projecting leg restored; barbarian's upper part and left lower leg restored barbarian, restored (correctly) riders left and center, legs restored; barbarian in front torso original, otherwise incorrectly restored rider on right, front mostly restored right end right end barbarians: left figure restored upper torso to head, right figure all restored barbarian prob. fr. sarcophagus Helena, slight angle from below, porphyry, 4th c., V&A A.102-1956 barbarian prob. fr. sarcophagus Helena, greater angle from below, porphyry, 4th c., V&A A.102-1956 barbarian prob. fr. sarcophagus Helena, profile, porphyry, 4th c., V&A A.102-1956